Jesus in Galilee after the Resurrection
It seems almost certain to me that the various sighting of the resurrected Jesus in and around Jerusalem were made up, and the only actual sights - whatever they actually were - were in Galilee. While Mark makes that clear, he offers absolutely no insight into what was actually seen there.
Paul
Paul gives us no details on where it happened, but as oyr earliest account, is still very important. This was probably an early creed, so in fact pre-dates the epistle.1 Corinthians 15:4 that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, 5 and that he appeared to Cephas,[b] and then to the Twelve. 6 After that, he appeared to more than five hundred of the brothers and sisters at the same time, most of whom are still living, though some have fallen asleep. 7 Then he appeared to James, then to all the apostles,
Peter
The Gospel of Peter is truncated, and ends just at the important bit.[58] Now it was the final day of the Unleavened Bread; and many went out returning to their home since the feast was over. [59] But we twelve disciples of the Lord were weeping and sorrowful; and each one, sorrowful because of what had come to pass, departed to his home. [60] But I, Simon Peter, and my brother Andrew, having taken our nets, went off to the sea. And there was with us Levi of Alphaeus whom the Lord ...
John
John was the last of the gospels to be written, and John 21 looks to be a late addition to the text, and yet it contains an account that closely matches what we see in Peter.John 21:1 Afterward Jesus appeared again to his disciples, by the Sea of Galilee.[a] It happened this way: 2 Simon Peter, Thomas (also known as Didymus[b]), Nathanael from Cana in Galilee, the sons of Zebedee, and two other disciples were together. 3 “I’m going out to fish,” Simon Peter told them, and they said, “We’ll go with you.” So they went out and got into the boat, but that night they caught nothing.My feeling is that this is based on the original story, which came to the author of John at some later point. Given the dating, it has to be considered somewhat unreliable, but is our best account. The second half, verse 15 onwards, could easily be a later addition (perhaps added to the story before the author of John got it).
4 Early in the morning, Jesus stood on the shore, but the disciples did not realize that it was Jesus.
5 He called out to them, “Friends, haven’t you any fish?”
“No,” they answered.
Matthew
Matthew ends with Jesus seen in Galilee, but unlike the other accounts, has this happening on a mountain, which to my mind makes it rather suspect. In common with the rest, however, there is very little detail.16 Then the eleven disciples went to Galilee, to the mountain where Jesus had told them to go. 17 When they saw him, they worshiped him; but some doubted. 18 Then Jesus came to them and said, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. 19 Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, 20 and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age.”
Luke
Luke has nothing about Galilee after the crucifixion, but van Daalen suggests:The story was known to Luke in another form (Luke 5:4-11). There is no telling whether Luke received it as a story from the early days of the Lord's ministry, or whether he received it as a post-resurrection story and, convinced that no appearances took place in Galilee, transferred it to the earlier ministry. As it is, Luke refers to the appearance to Peter only in the short notice in 24:34.The text certainly fits:
5 One day as Jesus was standing by the Lake of Gennesaret,[a] the people were crowding around him and listening to the word of God. 2 He saw at the water’s edge two boats, left there by the fishermen, who were washing their nets. 3 He got into one of the boats, the one belonging to Simon, and asked him to put out a little from shore. Then he sat down and taught the people from the boat.On the other hand, maybe Luke has it right, and Peter and John have erroneously moved the account to post-resurrection. The only reason for thinking John and Peter have the chronology right (as far as I know) is that it fits with Paul saying Peter saw Jesus first, which is rather tenuous.
4 When he had finished speaking, he said to Simon, “Put out into deep water, and let down the nets for a catch.”
5 Simon answered, “Master, we’ve worked hard all night and haven’t caught anything. But because you say so, I will let down the nets.”
6 When they had done so, they caught such a large number of fish that their nets began to break. 7 So they signaled their partners in the other boat to come and help them, and they came and filled both boats so full that they began to sink.
8 When Simon Peter saw this, he fell at Jesus’ knees and said, “Go away from me, Lord; I am a sinful man!” 9 For he and all his companions were astonished at the catch of fish they had taken, 10 and so were James and John, the sons of Zebedee, Simon’s partners.
Then Jesus said to Simon, “Don’t be afraid; from now on you will fish for people.” 11 So they pulled their boats up on shore, left everything and followed him.
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